直鎖状
| 組成式 | 示性式 | IUPAC | 慣用名 |
| CH4 | CH4 | methane (メタン) | |
| C2H6 | CH3CH3 | ethane (エタン) | |
| C3H8 | CH3CH2CH3 | propane (プロパン) | |
| C4H10 | CH3[CH2]2CH3 | butane (ブタン) | n-butane (正ブタン) |
| C5H12 | CH3[CH2]3CH3 | pentane (ペンタン) | n-pentane (正ペンタン) |
| C6H14 | CH3[CH2]4CH3 | hexane (ヘキサン) | n-hexane (正ヘキサン) |
| C7H16 | CH3[CH2]5CH3 | heptane (ヘプタン) | n-heptane (正ヘプタン) |
| C8H18 | CH3[CH2]6CH3 | octane (オクタン) | n-octane (正オクタン) |
| C9H20 | CH3[CH2]7CH3 | nonane (ノナン) | n-nonane (正ノナン) |
| C10H22 | CH3[CH2]8CH3 | decane (デカン) | n-decane (正デカン) |
分岐状
| 組成式 | 示性式 | IUPAC | 慣用名 |
| C4H10 |
CH3CH(CH3)CH3
CH3 | CH3CHCH3 | 2-methyle propane (2-メチルプロパン) |
isobutane (イソブタン) trimethyle methane (三メチルメタン) |
| C5H12 |
CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH3
CH3
|
CH3CH2CHCH3
| 2-methyle butane (2-メチルブタン) |
isopentane (イソペンタン) dimethyle ethyle methane (二メチルエチルメタン) |
| C5H12 |
CH3C(CH3)2CH3
CH3 | CH3CCH3 | CH3 | 2,2-dimethyle propane (2,2-ジメチルプロパン) |
neopentane (ネオペンタン) tetramethyle methane (四メチルメタン) |
| C6H14 |
CH3[CH2]2CH(CH3)CH3
CH3
|
CH3[CH2]2CHCH3
| 2-methyle pentane (2-メチルペンタン) | isohexane (イソヘキサン) |
| C6H14 |
CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3
CH3
|
CH3CH2CHCH2CH3
| 3-methyle pentane (3-メチルペンタン) | diethyle methyle methane (二エチルメチルメタン) |
| C6H14 |
CH3CH2C(CH3)2CH3
CH3
|
CH3CH2CCH3
|
CH3
| 2,2-dimethyle butane (2,2-ジメチルブタン) |
neohexane (ネオヘキサン) |
| C6H14 |
CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH3
CH3
|
CH3CHCHCH3
|
CH3
| 2,3-dimethyle butane (2,3-ジメチルブタン) |
diisohexane (ジイソヘキサン) |